”CONDITION” PARTICIPLE
This is a typical Hungarian form of expressing a condition. It can be translated with past participle, or the -ing ending. It expresses a mood, condition of some sort. Formation:
High-vowel: van/vannak + 3PS indefinite conjugation + -ve
Deep-vowel: van/vannak + 3PS indefinite conjugation + -va
Negation only with NINCS/NINCSENEK in present tense!!!
Meg vagyok fázva.
I have a cold.
A bolt nyitva/zárva van.
The shop is open/closed.
A dolog még nincs elintézve.
The matter hasn’t been settled yet.
Nevetve szaladt a barátaihoz.
He was running up to his friends laughing.
Sírva mondta el, mi történt vele.
She told what happened to her crying.
Be careful! English would say ’The shop is closed”, that is it uses past participle.
Don’t use Hungarian past participle in such sentences!
Unfortunately, the media are full of this crap. They use past participle instead of the proper Hungarian condition form (adverbial noun) due to the influence of foreign languages. The most common mistakes:
1. A bűnössége még nem bizonyított.
His guilt is not proved yet.
2. …melynek ténye még nem igazolt.
…the fact of which is not verified yet.
3. Az ügy még nem elintézett.
The matter is not settled yet.
As you see, there’s no problem with the English sentences. The problem is the Hungarian sentences using past participle like English. Why is it a huge problem? Because it sounds unnatural. Typical sentences for those who think they’re really smart and they prove not to be by saying nonsense like that. We understand what they’re getting at, but the actual meaning of the Hungarian sentences above is:
1. His guilt hasn’t proved anything yet.
2. …the fact of which hasn’t verified anything yet.
3. (I would say it can’t be even translated, complete nonsense)
The proper Hungarian sentences should be as follows:
1. A bűnössége még nincs bizonyítva.
2. …melynek ténye még nincs igazolva.
3. Az ügy még nincs elintézve.
Or you can use 3rd PP form as ”passive sentence”.
1. A bűnösségét még nem bizonyították.
2. …melynek tényét még nem igazolták.
3. Az ügyet még nem intézték el.
These sentences can be said in the wrong way because we don’t really feel them as a condition, so the media make their mistakes. But take a look at these sentences:
1. A bolt nyitva van. – The shop is open.
2. A bolt nyitott. – The ship is opened.
Nobody would make the mistake saying the second one: A bolt nyitott.
1. A bolt nyitva van. > it means that it is time to go shopping, you can enter the building because the doors are open. = CONDITION
2. A bolt nyitott. > it means maybe the shop has a roof that can be opened. = The shop is opened = QUALITY, CHARATERISTIC, FEATURE of the shop