Hungarian verbs can be turned into nouns with the suffixes -ás, -és and -at, -et. The question is: what’s the difference between their meanings?
-ÁS, -ÉS: they refer to the progress of the action expressed by the verb.
-AT, -ET: they refer to the result of the action expressed by the verb.
emel – to lift, to raise; to elevate
emelés – lifting; elevation
emelet – storey; floor
ír – to write
írás – writing
irat – document; written paper > note that the long í becomes short i.
von – to drag, to draw
vonás – dragging; line; feature
vonat – train
mond – to say, to tell
mondás – saying; locution
mondat – sentence
jósol – predict
jóslás – prophecy; prediction, forecast
jóslat – prophecy
>The last o is omitted in the substantivated forms.
fúr – to drill
fúrás – drilling
furat – borehole > note that the long ú becomes short u.
terem – to bear, to produce, to grow
termés – crop, harvest
termet – stature, figure
>The last e is omitted in the substantivated forms.
szel – to slice
szelés – slicing
szelet – slice (of bread)
(fel)kel – to get up
(fel)kelés – getting up
kelet – east
akar – to want
akarás – willingness
akarat – will
áll – to stand
állás – standing; job
állat – animal
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