Tag Archives: infinitive

500 verbs

there is, there are;
to be finished;
here it is!		 megvan + subj.
to adjust igazít
to admire csodál
to adore imád
to allow sy to megenged
to amuse sy mulattat
to analyse elemez
to angle for, to fish horgászik
to applaud tapsol
to argue (pej) okoskodik
to arrange; to settle
to direct (a play)		 rendez
to arrive érkezik
to ask for kér
to ask sg kérdez
to associate with társul …-hoz, -hez, -höz
to attest tanúsít
to attract vonz
to bake, to roast süt
to bark ugat
to be absent;
to be missing;
to be missed by sy		 hiányzik
to be afraid of sg fél …-tól, -től
to be apparent; to seem látszik
to be ashamed szégyell
to be bored un
to be born születik
to be burnt megég
to be clamorous hangoskodik
to be cold fázik
to be dying haldoklik
to be finished;
to finish sg		 elkészül
to be getting dark esteledik
to be glad about örül …-nak, -nek
to be growing dusk szürkül
to be hot/warm melege van
to be idle tétlenkedik
to be impudent szemtelenkedik
to be possible; maybe lehet
to be postponed eltolódik
to be put off elmarad
to be recovered (sy’s loss) megtérül
to be right about igaza van …-ban, -ben
to be sickly/unwell betegeskedik
to be situated elterül
to be solved megoldódik
to be sorry for sajnál
to be stupefied elképed …-on, -en, -ön
to be surprise meglepődik …-on, -en, -ön
to be terrified retteg …-tól, -től
to be wrong about téved …-ban, -ben
to be; there is van
to bear (a child) szül
to beat ver
to become black megfeketedik
to become crazy megőrül … miatt; …-tól, -től
to become dim elhomályosul
to become empty kiürül
to become faster gyorsul
to become invalid megrokkan
to become lowered elhalkul
to become mute megnémul
to become paralysesd megbénul
to become rotten elrohad
to become slower lassul
to become stupid butul
to begin sg kezd
to begin to (int.) kezdődik
to believe hisz …-ban, -ben
to bend hajlít
to bend, to bow down lehajol
to betray elárul
to blind megvakít
to blush elpirul
to bore untat
to brake down lefékez
to break (int.) eltörik
to break sg eltör
to break, to tear (int.) elszakad
to bring visz
to bring up felnevel
to build épít
to burn (int.) ég
to burn (sg) eléget
to burst out kipukkad
to bury eltemet
to busy oneself serénykedik …-on, -en, -ön
to buy; to take vesz
to call hív
to call sy by first name tegez
to call sy by last name magáz
to capture elfog
to catch a cold megfázik
to catch fire meggyúl
to cause okoz
to chase üldöz
to cheat csal
to chew rág
to chirp csiripel
to choose választ
to close csuk, becsuk
to collapse összedől
to collect, to gather gyűjt
to comb oneself fésülködik
to come jön
to come home hazajön
to come into being létrejön
to come to an end befejeződik
to come to an end végződik
to command, to order parancsol
to compensate kárpótol
to compete versenyez
to complain panaszkodik
to condemn elítél
to connect; to attach
to switch		 kapcsol
to cook főz
to cool hűt
to corrupt megront
to cough köhög
to count számol
to countersign láttamoz
to court sy udvarol …-nak, -nek
to cover takar
to create létrehoz
to credit jóváír
to crunch rágcsál
to cry about sír … miatt
to cure gyógyít
to cut vág
to cut (hair) nyír
to dawn hajnalodik
to decide, to settle eldönt
to defend, to protect véd
to deify istenít
to deliver a speech szónokol
to delude ámít
to demand sy sg követel …-tól, -től …-t
to demolish lebont
to denounce feljelent
to deny tagad
to derail kisiklik …-ról, -ről
to destroy pusztít
to destroy rombol
to detail részletez
to deteriorate; to grow worse megromlik
to dictate (a text for students) tollba mond
to die meghal
to dig ás
to digest emészt
to direct írányít
to dispparove of;
to think sg is wrong		 rosszall
to disturb zavar
to divide oszt
to do, to make csinál
to do, to prepare elkészít
to doubt kételkedik
to drag; to pull von
to draw rajzol
to draw a lesson from okul …-ból, -ből
to dream álmodik
to dream about ábrándozik …-ról, -ről
to drill fúr
to drink iszik
to drink beer sörözik
to drink wine borozik
to drive (machine);
to fold (paper);
to strike (root)		 hajt
to drive; to manage vezet
to drudge, to work hard gürcöl
to eat eszik
to educate nevel
to educate, to instruct oktat
to elect megválaszt
to embezzle sikkaszt
to embrace átölel
to empty; to evacuate kiürít
to end, to finish befejez
to enlist besoroz
to enumerate felsorol
to exaggerate eltúloz
to expiate for bűnhődik … miatt
to expire lejár
to explode, to blow up robban
to fail, not to have success meghiúsul
to fail; to be rejected megbukik
to fall asleep elalszik
to fall down lehullik
to fall; to rain esik
to feed on sg táplálkozik
to feel érez
to feel dizzy szédül
to fight for harcol …-ért
to fight for kiáll …-ért
to find talál
to find a cure (fig.) orvosol
to find sg too much sokall
to fire (from job) kirúg
to flee, to escape from menekül … elől
to flood eláraszt
to fly repül
to fondle, to pet dédelget
to forbid megtilt
to forgive sy for sg megbocsát …-nak, -nek …-ért
to get baked megsül
to get dark elsötétül
to get ill megbetegszik
to get injured megsebesül
to get on (a bus) felszáll
to get stopped up eldugul
to get to know megtud
to get up felkel
to get wet ázik
to give in one’s notice felmond
to glaze mázol
to glide suhan
to go megy
to go bad;
to break down		 elromlik
to go blind megvakul
to go green zöldül
to go home hazamegy
to go in for sports sportol
to go in frequently;
to walk all over		 bejár
to go on, to advance;
to make progress		 halad
to gobble up zabál
to grieve at; to be sad about szomorkodik … miatt
to grow nő
to grow tired elfárad
to hammer kalapál
to hate utál
to have a conversation with sy about sg társalog …-val, -vel …-ról, -ről
to have a good time mulat
to have a wash mosakszik
to have a wash tisztálkodik
to have breakfast reggelizik
to have dinner vacsorázik
to have lunch ebédel
to have to, must;
to need to		 kell
to hear hall
to heat fűt
to help sy do sg segít …-nak, -nek …-ban, -ben
to hide rejt
to hide; to keep a secret titkol
to hit üt
to hit sy (with a car) elüt
to hold, to keep tart
to hold, to take;
to take hold of		 fog
to hope remél
to howl üvölt
to hunt vadászik …-ra, -re
to hurt bánt
to hurt, to ache;
to have …-ache		 fáj
to imprison bebörtönöz
to improve (int.) javul
to inform, to make known közöl
to inherit örököl
to injure; to insult
to violate (a law)		 megsért
to instruct; to command utasít
to insult; to assault bántalmaz
to interpret értelmez
to irritate felbosszant
to jam, to be squeezed szorul
to join csatlakozik …-hoz, -hez, -höz
to jump ugrik
to know (only for things, not for people) tud
to land leszáll
to laugh about nevet …-on, -en, -ön
to learn, to study tanul
to let hagy
to let sg fall leejt
to let sy know sg tudat …-val, -vel …-t
to lie (swhere) fekszik
to lie down, to go to bed lefekszik
to light meggyújt
to like sy kedvel
to limp sántít
to listen to hallgat
to litter szemetel
to live él
to live swhere, to reside lakik
to loaf lófrál
to lock zár, bezár
to loiter ténfereg
to look for keres
to look for food in a refuse bin kukázik
to look, to watch néz
to lose veszít
to lose one’s way eltéved
to love szeret
to make a show of fitogtat
to make angry felmérgesít
to make experiments kísérletezik
to make friends with sy barátkozik …-val -vel
to make sg faster gyorsít
to make sy lose the power of speech megnémít
to make sy smarter okosít
to make war háborúzik
to make white fehérít
to manage, to administer igazgat
to marinade pácol
to marvel about ámul …-on, -en, -ön
to measure, to weigh lemér
to meet sy találkozik …-val, -vel
to mend javít
to mew nyávog
to neigh nyerít
to nurse; to care of ápol
to obey sy engedelmeskedik …-nak, -nek
to offer for sale árul
to open nyit, kinyit
to operate on műt
to organize szervez
to outwit kicselez
to overthrow (a government);
to break (a record)		 megdönt
to overturn (int.) felborul
to overturn; to decide dönt
to own; to endure bír
to pack csomagol
to pack pakol
to paint fest
to paralyse megbénít
to park parkol
to pass (time passes) múlik
to pay fizet
to pay sy a visit vizitel …-nál, -nél
to pay taxes adózik
to peep kukucskál
to penetrate behatol
to pick up;
to engage (worker)		 felvesz
to pity szán
to place; to assert állít
to plan tervez
to play játszik
to play chess sakkozik
to poison megmérgez
to ponder about elmélkedik …-on, -en, -ön
to possess birtokol
to pour; to fill tölt
to praise dícsér
to press szorít
to pretend tettet
to prevent; to precede;
to overtake (another car)		 megelőz
to prick, to sting szúr
to protect óv
to provoke provokál
to publish kiad
to publish publikál
to pull húz
to purchase, to buy vásárol
to purr dorombol
to push (with elbow) meglök
to push over felborít
to push, to shove tol
to put one’s hands up;
to apply for (a job)		 jelentkezik
to put out of order;
to spoil; to bungle		 elront
to put; to do tesz
to ravage; to rage dúl
to read sg/about sg olvas …-t/…-ról, -ről
to recover (one’s health) meggyógyul
to refuel tankol
to refuse visszautasít
to regret megbán
to reign, to rule uralkodik
to reject (at an exam)
to overthrow (a government)		 megbuktat
to repair szerel
to rest nyugszik
to return visszatér
to revolve, to turn forog
to ride a horse lovagol
to ring cseng
to ring the bell csenget
to rise árad
to risk kockáztat
to roar ordít
to rob rabol
to rummage turkál
to run fut
to run along rohan
to run at top speed száguld
to scold lehord
to scold megszid
to scream sikít
to screech rikácsol
to scrub (floor); to rub against súrol
to see lát
to seem tűnik
to sell elad
to send to school iskoláztat
to set (a watch) beállít
to set off, to depart indul
to set the table megterít
to settle down (swhere) letelepszik
to settle, to colonize telepít, kolonizál
to shake ráz
to shake (head);
to wag (tail)		 csóvál
to shake (int.) reng
to shed its coat vedlik
to shiver (with cold) didereg
to shiver with cold vacog
to shoot lő
to shout kiabál
to shovel lapátol
to show mutat
to shriek sikolt
to shunt tolat
to sing énekel
to sit, to be seated ül
to ski síel
to skin nyúz
to sleep alszik
to slow down lassít
to smear ken
to smoke füstöl
to sneak oson
to sneeze tüsszent
to snow havazik
to solve megold
to speak beszél
to spell betűz
to spit köp
to spoil elkényeztet
to spring, to burst fakad
to squander eltékozol
to squat on one’s heel guggol
to stab ledöf
to stand áll
to stand about ácsorog
to start rajtol
to stay marad
to steal lop
to step lép
to stick ragad
to stick; to occur akad
to stop abbahagy
to storm; to rage tombol
to strike; to afflict sújt
to stroke, to pet simogat
to struggle;
to fight (for/against)		 küzd
to stumble megbotlik
to stupefy butít
to succeed sikerül
to suck; to smoke (cigarattes) szív
to suffer szenved
to suffer torments gyötrődik
to surpass túlszárnyal
to sweat izzad
to sweep seper/söpör
to swim úszik
to swing ringat
to swing (int.) lendül
to swing (int.) ring
to swing sg lendít
to tail skid farol
to take a bath fürdik
to take a walk sétál
to take care of törődik …-val, -vel
to take in (a paper);
to run (the engine)		 járat
to talk about beszélget …-ról, -ről
to talk over;
to come to an agreement		 megbeszél
to talk; to warn szól
to teach tanít
to tear apart szakít
to tear, to rip tép
to tell a lie hazudik
to tell, to narrate mesél
to tell, to say mond
to think gondol
to think about gondolkodik …-on, -en, -ön
to think sg too little kevesell
to thread (needle) fűz
to thrust; to be repulsive taszít
to tickle csiklandoz
to tidy up takarít
to to blow sg up robbant
to toast pirít
to torment gyötör
to torture kínoz
to tow vontat
to trade kereskedik
to travel utazik
to trust megbízik
to try próbál
to turn up the volume felhangosít
to turn/switch off lekapcsol
to turn/switch on felkapcsol
to understand ért
to value, to estimate értékel
to visit meglátogat
to walk, to take a walk gyalogol
to walk; to be swhere jár
to want akar
to wash mos
to watch TV tévézik
to water, to irrigate öntöz
to weave fon
to weld (metal) hegeszt
to win győz
to wither elhervad
to wonder at csodálkozik …-on, -en, -ön
to work (on sg) dolgozik (…-on, -en, -ön)
to write sg/about sg ír …-t/…-ról, -ről
to yawn ásít
to yelp csahol
will be; to become lesz

Modal Verbs / Conjugating The Infinitive

I bring up this topic in this part of the grammar because you (might) need to conjugate the infinitive with certain modal verbs: szabad, kell, kellene, tilos. These verbs and adjectives have an impersonal aspect to them, meaning they don’t refer to anything/anyone specifically, but only in general sense.

That’s why you need to conjugate the infinitive. The infinitive itself refers to things/people generally. By conjugating it, you can specify who/what it should refer to.

NOTE! The conjugation for both definite and indefinite aspect is the same with the infinitive.

Suffixes for deep verbs:
-om
-od
-ia
-unk
-otok
-iuk

Suffixes for high verbs:
-em, -öm
-ed, -öd
-ie
-ünk
-etek, -ötök
-iük

You just remove the i from the infinitive form and add the suffixes above: látni > látnom

DEEP VERB: látni
látnom
látnod
látnia
látnunk
látnotok
látniuk

HIGH VERB: nézni, ülni
néznem, ülnöm
nézned, ülnöd
néznie, ülnie
néznünk, ülnünk
néznetek, ülnötök
nézniük, ülniük

Furthermore, you can add the dative pronouns if you want. When talking about people, things, you (might) need the suffixes -nak, -nek.

Examples:

Meg szabad nézni a filmet.
One is allowed to watch the movie.
(Nekünk) Meg szabad néznünk a filmet.
We are allowed to watch the movie.

Mindig meg kell mondani az igazat.
One always has to tell the truth.
(Neked) Mindig meg kell mondanod az igazat.
You always have to tell the truth.

Aludni kellene, késő van.
One should sleep. It’s late.
(Nekik) Aludniuk kellene, késő van.
They should sleep. It’s late.

Tilos az öltözőbe bemenni.
One must not enter the dressing-room.
(Neki) Tilos az öltözőbe bemennie.
He must not enter the dressing-room.

A kisgyerekeknek tilos ilyen filmet nézniük.
Small children must not watch such movies.

A bicikliknek a járdán kell parkolniuk.
Bycycles have to park on the sidewalk.

Keep learning. Bye now! 🙂

Verbs and Tenses

All right. We’ll be discussing verbs and tenses from now on. It is an extensive topic, so maybe I’ll come up with some other topic between present and past, conditional and imperative, and so on…

V E R B S

Verbs are words expressing action, occurrence, state of being.

The Hungarian word is: ige.

Characteristics of Hungarian verbs:

– Hungarian verbs are high or deep-vowel words. (or mixed which is finally high or deep)

– There are two tenses: present, past

– The future tense is paraphrased like in English, but more often it is simply expressed with present tense. Because of that, it is not really considered a different tense.

– There is only one present, one past and one future tense.

– There are three moods: indicative, imperative, present/past conditional

SUMMARY:

Indicative mood: present, past, future
Imperative mood: present
Conditional mood: present, past

– Hungarian verbs have a definite and indefinite conjugation system.

– Suffixes are attached to the verb in all numbers/persons, therefore it is unnecessary to use the personal pronouns unless for putting emphasis on the person.

– Verbs are transitive, intransitive, impersonal.

– The Hungarian infinitive form can be conjugated when teaming up with an impersonal verb.

-The Hungarian verbal nouns are: infinitive, present/past participle and future participle

I N F I N I T I V E – FŐNÉVI IGENÉV

English verbs can be put in the infinitive form like this:

to be, to dream

Hungarian verbs also have an infinitive form indicated by the suffix: -ni. Examples:

lenni (to be), álmodni (to dream), ülni (to sit), repülni (to fly), örülni (to be delighted), állni (to stand)

Verbs ending in two consonants take the infinitive with a link vowel. The link vowels are: a for deep, e for high. Examples:

hall > hallani (to hear)
ment > menteni (to save)
mond > mondani (to say)
gyűjt > gyűjteni (to collect)

It is important to mention that entries in a dictionary give Hungarian verbs in the 3rd PS indefinite conjugation form. Logically enough, since this form has no suffix to it, so it can be considered the basic form of the verb.

And there are only a few verbs with an irregular infinitive form. These are the so-called -nni verbs. You already know: lenni. Let’s the others.

menni (to go), jönni (to come), enni (to eat), inni (to drink)
tenni (to put), venni (to buy), hinni (to believe), vinni (to bring)

Next time I’ll explain the difference between definite and indefinite conjugation. Digest so much for now. 🙂

Bye.