there is, there are; to be finished; here it is! |
megvan + subj. |
to adjust | igazít |
to admire | csodál |
to adore | imád |
to allow sy to | megenged |
to amuse sy | mulattat |
to analyse | elemez |
to angle for, to fish | horgászik |
to applaud | tapsol |
to argue (pej) | okoskodik |
to arrange; to settle to direct (a play) |
rendez |
to arrive | érkezik |
to ask for | kér |
to ask sg | kérdez |
to associate with | társul …-hoz, -hez, -höz |
to attest | tanúsít |
to attract | vonz |
to bake, to roast | süt |
to bark | ugat |
to be absent; to be missing; to be missed by sy |
hiányzik |
to be afraid of sg | fél …-tól, -től |
to be apparent; to seem | látszik |
to be ashamed | szégyell |
to be bored | un |
to be born | születik |
to be burnt | megég |
to be clamorous | hangoskodik |
to be cold | fázik |
to be dying | haldoklik |
to be finished; to finish sg |
elkészül |
to be getting dark | esteledik |
to be glad about | örül …-nak, -nek |
to be growing dusk | szürkül |
to be hot/warm | melege van |
to be idle | tétlenkedik |
to be impudent | szemtelenkedik |
to be possible; maybe | lehet |
to be postponed | eltolódik |
to be put off | elmarad |
to be recovered (sy’s loss) | megtérül |
to be right about | igaza van …-ban, -ben |
to be sickly/unwell | betegeskedik |
to be situated | elterül |
to be solved | megoldódik |
to be sorry for | sajnál |
to be stupefied | elképed …-on, -en, -ön |
to be surprise | meglepődik …-on, -en, -ön |
to be terrified | retteg …-tól, -től |
to be wrong about | téved …-ban, -ben |
to be; there is | van |
to bear (a child) | szül |
to beat | ver |
to become black | megfeketedik |
to become crazy | megőrül … miatt; …-tól, -től |
to become dim | elhomályosul |
to become empty | kiürül |
to become faster | gyorsul |
to become invalid | megrokkan |
to become lowered | elhalkul |
to become mute | megnémul |
to become paralysesd | megbénul |
to become rotten | elrohad |
to become slower | lassul |
to become stupid | butul |
to begin sg | kezd |
to begin to (int.) | kezdődik |
to believe | hisz …-ban, -ben |
to bend | hajlít |
to bend, to bow down | lehajol |
to betray | elárul |
to blind | megvakít |
to blush | elpirul |
to bore | untat |
to brake down | lefékez |
to break (int.) | eltörik |
to break sg | eltör |
to break, to tear (int.) | elszakad |
to bring | visz |
to bring up | felnevel |
to build | épít |
to burn (int.) | ég |
to burn (sg) | eléget |
to burst out | kipukkad |
to bury | eltemet |
to busy oneself | serénykedik …-on, -en, -ön |
to buy; to take | vesz |
to call | hív |
to call sy by first name | tegez |
to call sy by last name | magáz |
to capture | elfog |
to catch a cold | megfázik |
to catch fire | meggyúl |
to cause | okoz |
to chase | üldöz |
to cheat | csal |
to chew | rág |
to chirp | csiripel |
to choose | választ |
to close | csuk, becsuk |
to collapse | összedől |
to collect, to gather | gyűjt |
to comb oneself | fésülködik |
to come | jön |
to come home | hazajön |
to come into being | létrejön |
to come to an end | befejeződik |
to come to an end | végződik |
to command, to order | parancsol |
to compensate | kárpótol |
to compete | versenyez |
to complain | panaszkodik |
to condemn | elítél |
to connect; to attach to switch |
kapcsol |
to cook | főz |
to cool | hűt |
to corrupt | megront |
to cough | köhög |
to count | számol |
to countersign | láttamoz |
to court sy | udvarol …-nak, -nek |
to cover | takar |
to create | létrehoz |
to credit | jóváír |
to crunch | rágcsál |
to cry about | sír … miatt |
to cure | gyógyít |
to cut | vág |
to cut (hair) | nyír |
to dawn | hajnalodik |
to decide, to settle | eldönt |
to defend, to protect | véd |
to deify | istenít |
to deliver a speech | szónokol |
to delude | ámít |
to demand sy sg | követel …-tól, -től …-t |
to demolish | lebont |
to denounce | feljelent |
to deny | tagad |
to derail | kisiklik …-ról, -ről |
to destroy | pusztít |
to destroy | rombol |
to detail | részletez |
to deteriorate; to grow worse | megromlik |
to dictate (a text for students) | tollba mond |
to die | meghal |
to dig | ás |
to digest | emészt |
to direct | írányít |
to dispparove of; to think sg is wrong |
rosszall |
to disturb | zavar |
to divide | oszt |
to do, to make | csinál |
to do, to prepare | elkészít |
to doubt | kételkedik |
to drag; to pull | von |
to draw | rajzol |
to draw a lesson from | okul …-ból, -ből |
to dream | álmodik |
to dream about | ábrándozik …-ról, -ről |
to drill | fúr |
to drink | iszik |
to drink beer | sörözik |
to drink wine | borozik |
to drive (machine); to fold (paper); to strike (root) |
hajt |
to drive; to manage | vezet |
to drudge, to work hard | gürcöl |
to eat | eszik |
to educate | nevel |
to educate, to instruct | oktat |
to elect | megválaszt |
to embezzle | sikkaszt |
to embrace | átölel |
to empty; to evacuate | kiürít |
to end, to finish | befejez |
to enlist | besoroz |
to enumerate | felsorol |
to exaggerate | eltúloz |
to expiate for | bűnhődik … miatt |
to expire | lejár |
to explode, to blow up | robban |
to fail, not to have success | meghiúsul |
to fail; to be rejected | megbukik |
to fall asleep | elalszik |
to fall down | lehullik |
to fall; to rain | esik |
to feed on sg | táplálkozik |
to feel | érez |
to feel dizzy | szédül |
to fight for | harcol …-ért |
to fight for | kiáll …-ért |
to find | talál |
to find a cure (fig.) | orvosol |
to find sg too much | sokall |
to fire (from job) | kirúg |
to flee, to escape from | menekül … elől |
to flood | eláraszt |
to fly | repül |
to fondle, to pet | dédelget |
to forbid | megtilt |
to forgive sy for sg | megbocsát …-nak, -nek …-ért |
to get baked | megsül |
to get dark | elsötétül |
to get ill | megbetegszik |
to get injured | megsebesül |
to get on (a bus) | felszáll |
to get stopped up | eldugul |
to get to know | megtud |
to get up | felkel |
to get wet | ázik |
to give in one’s notice | felmond |
to glaze | mázol |
to glide | suhan |
to go | megy |
to go bad; to break down |
elromlik |
to go blind | megvakul |
to go green | zöldül |
to go home | hazamegy |
to go in for sports | sportol |
to go in frequently; to walk all over |
bejár |
to go on, to advance; to make progress |
halad |
to gobble up | zabál |
to grieve at; to be sad about | szomorkodik … miatt |
to grow | nő |
to grow tired | elfárad |
to hammer | kalapál |
to hate | utál |
to have a conversation with sy about sg | társalog …-val, -vel …-ról, -ről |
to have a good time | mulat |
to have a wash | mosakszik |
to have a wash | tisztálkodik |
to have breakfast | reggelizik |
to have dinner | vacsorázik |
to have lunch | ebédel |
to have to, must; to need to |
kell |
to hear | hall |
to heat | fűt |
to help sy do sg | segít …-nak, -nek …-ban, -ben |
to hide | rejt |
to hide; to keep a secret | titkol |
to hit | üt |
to hit sy (with a car) | elüt |
to hold, to keep | tart |
to hold, to take; to take hold of |
fog |
to hope | remél |
to howl | üvölt |
to hunt | vadászik …-ra, -re |
to hurt | bánt |
to hurt, to ache; to have …-ache |
fáj |
to imprison | bebörtönöz |
to improve (int.) | javul |
to inform, to make known | közöl |
to inherit | örököl |
to injure; to insult to violate (a law) |
megsért |
to instruct; to command | utasít |
to insult; to assault | bántalmaz |
to interpret | értelmez |
to irritate | felbosszant |
to jam, to be squeezed | szorul |
to join | csatlakozik …-hoz, -hez, -höz |
to jump | ugrik |
to know (only for things, not for people) | tud |
to land | leszáll |
to laugh about | nevet …-on, -en, -ön |
to learn, to study | tanul |
to let | hagy |
to let sg fall | leejt |
to let sy know sg | tudat …-val, -vel …-t |
to lie (swhere) | fekszik |
to lie down, to go to bed | lefekszik |
to light | meggyújt |
to like sy | kedvel |
to limp | sántít |
to listen to | hallgat |
to litter | szemetel |
to live | él |
to live swhere, to reside | lakik |
to loaf | lófrál |
to lock | zár, bezár |
to loiter | ténfereg |
to look for | keres |
to look for food in a refuse bin | kukázik |
to look, to watch | néz |
to lose | veszít |
to lose one’s way | eltéved |
to love | szeret |
to make a show of | fitogtat |
to make angry | felmérgesít |
to make experiments | kísérletezik |
to make friends with sy | barátkozik …-val -vel |
to make sg faster | gyorsít |
to make sy lose the power of speech | megnémít |
to make sy smarter | okosít |
to make war | háborúzik |
to make white | fehérít |
to manage, to administer | igazgat |
to marinade | pácol |
to marvel about | ámul …-on, -en, -ön |
to measure, to weigh | lemér |
to meet sy | találkozik …-val, -vel |
to mend | javít |
to mew | nyávog |
to neigh | nyerít |
to nurse; to care of | ápol |
to obey sy | engedelmeskedik …-nak, -nek |
to offer for sale | árul |
to open | nyit, kinyit |
to operate on | műt |
to organize | szervez |
to outwit | kicselez |
to overthrow (a government); to break (a record) |
megdönt |
to overturn (int.) | felborul |
to overturn; to decide | dönt |
to own; to endure | bír |
to pack | csomagol |
to pack | pakol |
to paint | fest |
to paralyse | megbénít |
to park | parkol |
to pass (time passes) | múlik |
to pay | fizet |
to pay sy a visit | vizitel …-nál, -nél |
to pay taxes | adózik |
to peep | kukucskál |
to penetrate | behatol |
to pick up; to engage (worker) |
felvesz |
to pity | szán |
to place; to assert | állít |
to plan | tervez |
to play | játszik |
to play chess | sakkozik |
to poison | megmérgez |
to ponder about | elmélkedik …-on, -en, -ön |
to possess | birtokol |
to pour; to fill | tölt |
to praise | dícsér |
to press | szorít |
to pretend | tettet |
to prevent; to precede; to overtake (another car) |
megelőz |
to prick, to sting | szúr |
to protect | óv |
to provoke | provokál |
to publish | kiad |
to publish | publikál |
to pull | húz |
to purchase, to buy | vásárol |
to purr | dorombol |
to push (with elbow) | meglök |
to push over | felborít |
to push, to shove | tol |
to put one’s hands up; to apply for (a job) |
jelentkezik |
to put out of order; to spoil; to bungle |
elront |
to put; to do | tesz |
to ravage; to rage | dúl |
to read sg/about sg | olvas …-t/…-ról, -ről |
to recover (one’s health) | meggyógyul |
to refuel | tankol |
to refuse | visszautasít |
to regret | megbán |
to reign, to rule | uralkodik |
to reject (at an exam) to overthrow (a government) |
megbuktat |
to repair | szerel |
to rest | nyugszik |
to return | visszatér |
to revolve, to turn | forog |
to ride a horse | lovagol |
to ring | cseng |
to ring the bell | csenget |
to rise | árad |
to risk | kockáztat |
to roar | ordít |
to rob | rabol |
to rummage | turkál |
to run | fut |
to run along | rohan |
to run at top speed | száguld |
to scold | lehord |
to scold | megszid |
to scream | sikít |
to screech | rikácsol |
to scrub (floor); to rub against | súrol |
to see | lát |
to seem | tűnik |
to sell | elad |
to send to school | iskoláztat |
to set (a watch) | beállít |
to set off, to depart | indul |
to set the table | megterít |
to settle down (swhere) | letelepszik |
to settle, to colonize | telepít, kolonizál |
to shake | ráz |
to shake (head); to wag (tail) |
csóvál |
to shake (int.) | reng |
to shed its coat | vedlik |
to shiver (with cold) | didereg |
to shiver with cold | vacog |
to shoot | lő |
to shout | kiabál |
to shovel | lapátol |
to show | mutat |
to shriek | sikolt |
to shunt | tolat |
to sing | énekel |
to sit, to be seated | ül |
to ski | síel |
to skin | nyúz |
to sleep | alszik |
to slow down | lassít |
to smear | ken |
to smoke | füstöl |
to sneak | oson |
to sneeze | tüsszent |
to snow | havazik |
to solve | megold |
to speak | beszél |
to spell | betűz |
to spit | köp |
to spoil | elkényeztet |
to spring, to burst | fakad |
to squander | eltékozol |
to squat on one’s heel | guggol |
to stab | ledöf |
to stand | áll |
to stand about | ácsorog |
to start | rajtol |
to stay | marad |
to steal | lop |
to step | lép |
to stick | ragad |
to stick; to occur | akad |
to stop | abbahagy |
to storm; to rage | tombol |
to strike; to afflict | sújt |
to stroke, to pet | simogat |
to struggle; to fight (for/against) |
küzd |
to stumble | megbotlik |
to stupefy | butít |
to succeed | sikerül |
to suck; to smoke (cigarattes) | szív |
to suffer | szenved |
to suffer torments | gyötrődik |
to surpass | túlszárnyal |
to sweat | izzad |
to sweep | seper/söpör |
to swim | úszik |
to swing | ringat |
to swing (int.) | lendül |
to swing (int.) | ring |
to swing sg | lendít |
to tail skid | farol |
to take a bath | fürdik |
to take a walk | sétál |
to take care of | törődik …-val, -vel |
to take in (a paper); to run (the engine) |
járat |
to talk about | beszélget …-ról, -ről |
to talk over; to come to an agreement |
megbeszél |
to talk; to warn | szól |
to teach | tanít |
to tear apart | szakít |
to tear, to rip | tép |
to tell a lie | hazudik |
to tell, to narrate | mesél |
to tell, to say | mond |
to think | gondol |
to think about | gondolkodik …-on, -en, -ön |
to think sg too little | kevesell |
to thread (needle) | fűz |
to thrust; to be repulsive | taszít |
to tickle | csiklandoz |
to tidy up | takarít |
to to blow sg up | robbant |
to toast | pirít |
to torment | gyötör |
to torture | kínoz |
to tow | vontat |
to trade | kereskedik |
to travel | utazik |
to trust | megbízik |
to try | próbál |
to turn up the volume | felhangosít |
to turn/switch off | lekapcsol |
to turn/switch on | felkapcsol |
to understand | ért |
to value, to estimate | értékel |
to visit | meglátogat |
to walk, to take a walk | gyalogol |
to walk; to be swhere | jár |
to want | akar |
to wash | mos |
to watch TV | tévézik |
to water, to irrigate | öntöz |
to weave | fon |
to weld (metal) | hegeszt |
to win | győz |
to wither | elhervad |
to wonder at | csodálkozik …-on, -en, -ön |
to work (on sg) | dolgozik (…-on, -en, -ön) |
to write sg/about sg | ír …-t/…-ról, -ről |
to yawn | ásít |
to yelp | csahol |
will be; to become | lesz |
Tag Archives: infinitive
Modal Verbs / Conjugating The Infinitive
I bring up this topic in this part of the grammar because you (might) need to conjugate the infinitive with certain modal verbs: szabad, kell, kellene, tilos. These verbs and adjectives have an impersonal aspect to them, meaning they don’t refer to anything/anyone specifically, but only in general sense.
That’s why you need to conjugate the infinitive. The infinitive itself refers to things/people generally. By conjugating it, you can specify who/what it should refer to.
NOTE! The conjugation for both definite and indefinite aspect is the same with the infinitive.
Suffixes for deep verbs:
-om
-od
-ia
-unk
-otok
-iuk
Suffixes for high verbs:
-em, -öm
-ed, -öd
-ie
-ünk
-etek, -ötök
-iük
You just remove the i from the infinitive form and add the suffixes above: látni > látnom
DEEP VERB: látni
látnom
látnod
látnia
látnunk
látnotok
látniuk
HIGH VERB: nézni, ülni
néznem, ülnöm
nézned, ülnöd
néznie, ülnie
néznünk, ülnünk
néznetek, ülnötök
nézniük, ülniük
Furthermore, you can add the dative pronouns if you want. When talking about people, things, you (might) need the suffixes -nak, -nek.
Examples:
Meg szabad nézni a filmet.
One is allowed to watch the movie.
(Nekünk) Meg szabad néznünk a filmet.
We are allowed to watch the movie.
Mindig meg kell mondani az igazat.
One always has to tell the truth.
(Neked) Mindig meg kell mondanod az igazat.
You always have to tell the truth.
Aludni kellene, késő van.
One should sleep. It’s late.
(Nekik) Aludniuk kellene, késő van.
They should sleep. It’s late.
Tilos az öltözőbe bemenni.
One must not enter the dressing-room.
(Neki) Tilos az öltözőbe bemennie.
He must not enter the dressing-room.
A kisgyerekeknek tilos ilyen filmet nézniük.
Small children must not watch such movies.
A bicikliknek a járdán kell parkolniuk.
Bycycles have to park on the sidewalk.
Keep learning. Bye now! 🙂
Verbs and Tenses
All right. We’ll be discussing verbs and tenses from now on. It is an extensive topic, so maybe I’ll come up with some other topic between present and past, conditional and imperative, and so on…
V E R B S
Verbs are words expressing action, occurrence, state of being.
The Hungarian word is: ige.
Characteristics of Hungarian verbs:
– Hungarian verbs are high or deep-vowel words. (or mixed which is finally high or deep)
– There are two tenses: present, past
– The future tense is paraphrased like in English, but more often it is simply expressed with present tense. Because of that, it is not really considered a different tense.
– There is only one present, one past and one future tense.
– There are three moods: indicative, imperative, present/past conditional
SUMMARY:
Indicative mood: present, past, future
Imperative mood: present
Conditional mood: present, past
– Hungarian verbs have a definite and indefinite conjugation system.
– Suffixes are attached to the verb in all numbers/persons, therefore it is unnecessary to use the personal pronouns unless for putting emphasis on the person.
– Verbs are transitive, intransitive, impersonal.
– The Hungarian infinitive form can be conjugated when teaming up with an impersonal verb.
-The Hungarian verbal nouns are: infinitive, present/past participle and future participle
I N F I N I T I V E – FŐNÉVI IGENÉV
English verbs can be put in the infinitive form like this:
to be, to dream
Hungarian verbs also have an infinitive form indicated by the suffix: -ni. Examples:
lenni (to be), álmodni (to dream), ülni (to sit), repülni (to fly), örülni (to be delighted), állni (to stand)
Verbs ending in two consonants take the infinitive with a link vowel. The link vowels are: a for deep, e for high. Examples:
hall > hallani (to hear)
ment > menteni (to save)
mond > mondani (to say)
gyűjt > gyűjteni (to collect)
It is important to mention that entries in a dictionary give Hungarian verbs in the 3rd PS indefinite conjugation form. Logically enough, since this form has no suffix to it, so it can be considered the basic form of the verb.
And there are only a few verbs with an irregular infinitive form. These are the so-called -nni verbs. You already know: lenni. Let’s the others.
menni (to go), jönni (to come), enni (to eat), inni (to drink)
tenni (to put), venni (to buy), hinni (to believe), vinni (to bring)
Next time I’ll explain the difference between definite and indefinite conjugation. Digest so much for now. 🙂
Bye.